FYI: While keeping your distance can help prevent the flu, it’s important to socialize regularly. To learn more, read our guide to the dangers of seniors and isolation.
A CDC report estimates that 8 percent of Americans get sick with the influenza virus each season, and while the flu usually improves after a week, complications can arise — such as pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Those over the age of 65 are particularly likely to have severe complications connected to the flu, making it essential for older adults to take extra care during this time.
While older adults are not more likely to contract the flu, their chances of suffering severe complications are much higher. In the course of aging, the immune system progressively weakens, leaving people more susceptible to secondary infections such as pneumonia. Older adults may also suffer from other health conditions, such as diabetes and heart disease, which further increase their risk of flu complications.
FYI: While keeping your distance can help prevent the flu, it’s important to socialize regularly. To learn more, read our guide to the dangers of seniors and isolation.
Highly contagious, the flu spreads, in most cases, by the transmission of droplets made by coughing, sneezing, or talking. People nearby may inhale these droplets into their lungs or ingest them through their mouths and noses from up to six feet away. The flu may also spread on surfaces. It is possible to become infected by touching the mouth, nose, or eyes after touching a surface that contains the flu virus.
Once infected with the flu, people may be considered contagious even before feeling symptoms and for up to a week after symptoms appear. Those with weakened immune systems may stay contagious longer.
Due to the prevalence of the COVID-19 virus, especially during the cooler months, it can be difficult to distinguish between COVID, the flu, and the common cold. In general, colds will display the mildest symptoms. It can be more difficult to distinguish flu symptoms from those of COVID-19.
A major difference between the two is that COVID tends to spread faster and exhibit more severe symptoms. Although both illnesses can cause fever, chills, coughing, and body aches, COVID-19 often results in additional symptoms, such as a loss of taste or smell.
Since flu season coincides with the holidays, it is important to take precautions to reduce your chances of contracting the virus — especially when socializing. To minimize your risk, be sure to keep your hands clean, cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing, avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth, and avoid coming in contact with others who are sick.
The most important action, though, is getting vaccinated. More than any other measure, flu vaccines can help prevent flu infection.
According to the CDC, the flu vaccine prevented approximately 7.5 million cases of influenza in the 2019-2020 season. Vaccination was also shown to reduce hospitalizations among older adults by 40% between 2009-2016.
Cases of the flu can occur all year round, but they tend to spike around October, or the beginning of “flu season.” Fall is, therefore, a crucial time for vaccination. The upsurge can last as late as May, so it's never too late to get a vaccine.
Seniors, in particular, may benefit from higher-dose flu vaccines. They contain four times more antigens than standard flu vaccines, resulting in a more powerful immune response. Flu vaccines made with an adjuvant, an ingredient that helps strengthen immune response, are also available.
Flu vaccines are widely available, and most of them advertise heavily during peak season. The most common places to get vaccinated are doctors' offices, grocery stores, and pharmacies. You can also find nearby vaccine locations via the CDC's helpful online tool.
The cost of a flu vaccine without insurance typically ranges from $25 to $100. Most people with health insurance will not have to pay anything out of pocket, as Medicare and private insurance cover most of the costs. To help reduce the cost of the vaccine, keep an eye out for coupons or special events.
Did you know that Medicare Part D covers most vaccinations? To learn more, read our guides to Medicare Part D and prescription discount cards
The flu virus is constantly evolving, so the vaccine is updated each year to target certain strains that are expected to spread. As protection from the flu vaccine diminishes over time, annual vaccinations are recommended for boosting your defenses.
If you suspect that you may have contracted the flu, there are steps you can take to help prevent any further complications. In the event that you have been exposed to the flu or notice flu-like symptoms, speak to a health care provider right away. It is likely they will suggest you get tested. If you do have the flu, you may want to consider taking an antiviral to alleviate the severity of your symptoms and potentially shorten the length of your illness.
Above all, make sure you rest as much as possible to help your body fight off the infection.